cryptsetup-luksAddKey(8) — Linux manual page

NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | EXAMPLES | REPORTING BUGS | SEE ALSO | CRYPTSETUP

CRYPTSETUP-LUKSADDKEY(8)  Maintenance Commands  CRYPTSETUP-LUKSADDKEY(8)

NAME         top

       cryptsetup-luksAddKey - add a new passphrase

SYNOPSIS         top

       cryptsetup luksAddKey [<options>] <device> [<key file with new
       key>]

DESCRIPTION         top

       Adds a keyslot protected by a new passphrase. An existing
       passphrase must be supplied interactively, via --key-file or
       LUKS2 token (plugin). Alternatively to existing passphrase user
       may pass directly volume key (via --volume-key-file or
       --volume-key-keyring). The new passphrase to be added can be
       specified interactively, read from the file given as the
       positional argument (also via --new-keyfile parameter) or via
       LUKS2 token.

       NOTE: with --unbound option the action creates new unbound LUKS2
       keyslot. The keyslot cannot be used for device activation. If you
       don’t pass new key via --volume-key-file option, new random key
       is generated. Existing passphrase for any active keyslot is not
       required.

       NOTE: some parameters are effective only if used with LUKS2
       format that supports per-keyslot parameters. For LUKS1, PBKDF
       type and hash algorithm is always the same for all keyslots.

       <options> can be [--key-file, --keyfile-offset, --keyfile-size,
       --new-keyfile, --new-keyfile-offset, --new-keyfile-size,
       --key-slot, --new-key-slot, --volume-key-file,
       --volume-key-keyring, --force-password, --hash, --header,
       --disable-locks, --iter-time, --pbkdf, --pbkdf-force-iterations,
       --pbkdf-memory, --pbkdf-parallel, --unbound, --type,
       --keyslot-cipher, --keyslot-key-size, --key-size, --timeout,
       --token-id, --token-type, --token-only, --new-token-id,
       --verify-passphrase, --external-tokens-path].

OPTIONS         top

       --batch-mode, -q
           Suppresses all confirmation questions. Use with care!

           If the --verify-passphrase option is not specified, this
           option also switches off the passphrase verification.

       --debug or --debug-json
           Run in debug mode with full diagnostic logs. Debug output
           lines are always prefixed by #.

           If --debug-json is used, additional LUKS2 JSON data
           structures are printed.

       --disable-locks
           Disable lock protection for metadata on disk. This option is
           valid only for LUKS2 and ignored for other formats.

           WARNING: Do not use this option unless you run cryptsetup in
           a restricted environment where locking is impossible to
           perform (where /run directory cannot be used).

       --external-tokens-path absolute_path
           Override system directory path where cryptsetup searches for
           external token handlers (or token plugins). It must be
           absolute path (starting with '/' character).

       --force-password
           Do not use password quality checking for new LUKS passwords.

           This option is ignored if cryptsetup is built without
           password quality checking support.

           For more info about password quality check, see the manual
           page for pwquality.conf(5) and passwdqc.conf(5).

       --hash, -h <hash-spec>
           The specified hash is used for PBKDF2 and AF splitter.

       --header <device or file storing the LUKS header>
           Use a detached (separated) metadata device or file where the
           LUKS header is stored. This option allows one to store
           ciphertext and LUKS header on different devices.

           For commands that change the LUKS header (e.g. luksAddKey),
           specify the device or file with the LUKS header directly as
           the LUKS device.

       --help, -?
           Show help text and default parameters.

       --iter-time, -i <number of milliseconds>
           The number of milliseconds to spend with PBKDF passphrase
           processing. Specifying 0 as parameter selects the compiled-in
           default.

       --key-description <text>
           Set key description in keyring that will be used for
           passphrase retrieval.

       --key-file, -d name
           Read the passphrase from file.

           If the name given is "-", then the passphrase will be read
           from stdin. In this case, reading will not stop at newline
           characters.

           The passphrase supplied via --key-file is always the
           passphrase for existing keyslot requested by the command.

           If you want to set a new passphrase via key file, you have to
           use a positional argument or parameter --new-keyfile.

           See section NOTES ON PASSPHRASE PROCESSING in cryptsetup(8)
           for more information.

       --keyfile-offset value
           Skip value bytes at the beginning of the key file.

       --keyfile-size, -l value
           Read a maximum of value bytes from the key file. The default
           is to read the whole file up to the compiled-in maximum that
           can be queried with --help. Supplying more data than the
           compiled-in maximum aborts the operation.

           This option is useful to cut trailing newlines, for example.
           If --keyfile-offset is also given, the size count starts
           after the offset.

       --key-size, -s bits
           Provide volume key size in bits. The argument has to be a
           multiple of 8.

           This option is required when parameter --volume-key-file is
           used to provide current volume key. Also, it is used when new
           unbound keyslot is created by specifying --unbound parameter.

       --key-slot, -S <0-N>
           When used together with parameter --new-key-slot this option
           allows you to specify which key slot is selected for
           unlocking volume key.

           NOTE: This option is ignored if existing volume key gets
           unlocked via LUKS2 token (--token-id, --token-type or
           --token-only parameters) or when volume key is provided
           directly via --volume-key-file parameter.

           NOTE: To maintain backward compatibility, without
           --new-key-slot parameter, this option allows you to specify
           which key slot is selected for the new key.

           The maximum number of key slots depends on the LUKS version.
           LUKS1 can have up to 8 key slots. LUKS2 can have up to 32 key
           slots based on key slot area size and key size, but a valid
           key slot ID can always be between 0 and 31 for LUKS2.

       --keyslot-cipher <cipher-spec>
           This option can be used to set specific cipher encryption for
           the LUKS2 keyslot area.

       --keyslot-key-size <bits>
           This option can be used to set specific key size for the
           LUKS2 keyslot area.

       --new-keyfile name
           Read the passphrase for a new keyslot from file.

           If the name given is "-", then the passphrase will be read
           from stdin. In this case, reading will not stop at newline
           characters.

           This is alternative method to positional argument when adding
           new passphrase via kefile.

       --new-keyfile-offset value
           Skip value bytes at the start when adding a new passphrase
           from key file.

       --new-keyfile-size value
           Read a maximum of value bytes when adding a new passphrase
           from key file. The default is to read the whole file up to
           the compiled-in maximum length that can be queried with
           --help. Supplying more than the compiled in maximum aborts
           the operation. When --new-keyfile-offset is also given,
           reading starts after the offset.

       --new-key-description <text>
           Set key description in keyring that will be used for new
           passphrase retrieval.

       --new-key-slot <0-N>
           This option allows you to specify which key slot is selected
           for the new key.

           NOTE: When used this option affects --key-slot option.

           The maximum number of key slots depends on the LUKS version.
           LUKS1 can have up to 8 key slots. LUKS2 can have up to 32 key
           slots based on key slot area size and key size, but a valid
           key slot ID can always be between 0 and 31 for LUKS2.

       --new-token-id
           Specify what token to use to get the passphrase for a new
           keyslot.

       --pbkdf <PBKDF spec>
           Set Password-Based Key Derivation Function (PBKDF) algorithm
           for LUKS keyslot. The PBKDF can be: pbkdf2 (for PBKDF2
           according to RFC2898), argon2i for Argon2i or argon2id for
           Argon2id (see Argon2
           <https://www.cryptolux.org/index.php/Argon2> for more info).

           For LUKS1, only PBKDF2 is accepted (no need to use this
           option). The default PBKDF for LUKS2 is set during
           compilation time and is available in cryptsetup --help
           output.

           A PBKDF is used for increasing dictionary and brute-force
           attack cost for keyslot passwords. The parameters can be
           time, memory and parallel cost.

           For PBKDF2, only time cost (number of iterations) applies.
           For Argon2i/id, there is also memory cost (memory required
           during the process of key derivation) and parallel cost
           (number of threads that run in parallel during the key
           derivation.

           Note that increasing memory cost also increases time, so the
           final parameter values are measured by a benchmark. The
           benchmark tries to find iteration time (--iter-time) with
           required memory cost --pbkdf-memory. If it is not possible,
           the memory cost is decreased as well. The parallel cost
           --pbkdf-parallel is constant and is checked against available
           CPU cores.

           You can see all PBKDF parameters for particular LUKS2 keyslot
           with cryptsetup-luksDump(8) command.

           NOTE: If you do not want to use benchmark and want to specify
           all parameters directly, use --pbkdf-force-iterations with
           --pbkdf-memory and --pbkdf-parallel. This will override the
           values without benchmarking. Note it can cause extremely long
           unlocking time or cause out-of-memory conditions with
           unconditional process termination. Use only in specific
           cases, for example, if you know that the formatted device
           will be used on some small embedded system.

           MINIMAL AND MAXIMAL PBKDF COSTS: For PBKDF2, the minimum
           iteration count is 1000 and maximum is 4294967295 (maximum
           for 32bit unsigned integer). Memory and parallel costs are
           unused for PBKDF2. For Argon2i and Argon2id, minimum
           iteration count (CPU cost) is 4 and maximum is 4294967295
           (maximum for 32bit unsigned integer). Minimum memory cost is
           32 KiB and maximum is 4 GiB. (Limited by addressable memory
           on some CPU platforms.) If the memory cost parameter is
           benchmarked (not specified by a parameter) it is always in
           range from 64 MiB to 1 GiB. The parallel cost minimum is 1
           and maximum 4 (if enough CPUs cores are available, otherwise
           it is decreased).

       --pbkdf-force-iterations <num>
           Avoid PBKDF benchmark and set time cost (iterations)
           directly. It can be used for LUKS/LUKS2 device only. See
           --pbkdf option for more info.

       --pbkdf-memory <number>
           Set the memory cost for PBKDF (for Argon2i/id the number
           represents kilobytes). Note that it is maximal value, PBKDF
           benchmark or available physical memory can decrease it. This
           option is not available for PBKDF2.

       --pbkdf-parallel <number>
           Set the parallel cost for PBKDF (number of threads, up to 4).
           Note that it is maximal value, it is decreased automatically
           if CPU online count is lower. This option is not available
           for PBKDF2.

       --timeout, -t <number of seconds>
           The number of seconds to wait before timeout on passphrase
           input via terminal. It is relevant every time a passphrase is
           asked. It has no effect if used in conjunction with
           --key-file.

           This option is useful when the system should not stall if the
           user does not input a passphrase, e.g. during boot. The
           default is a value of 0 seconds, which means to wait forever.

       --token-id
           Specify what token to use when unlocking existing keyslot to
           get volume key.

       --token-only
           Use only LUKS2 tokens to unlock existing volume key.

           NOTE: To create a new keyslot using passphrase provided by a
           token use --new-token-id parameter.

       --token-type type
           Specify what token type (all type tokens) to use when
           unlocking existing keyslot to get volume key.

       --type <device-type>
           Specifies required device type, for more info read BASIC
           ACTIONS section in cryptsetup(8).

       --unbound
           Creates new LUKS2 unbound keyslot.

       --usage
           Show short option help.

       --verify-passphrase, -y
           When interactively asking for a passphrase, ask for it twice
           and complain if both inputs do not match. Ignored on input
           from file or stdin.

       --version, -V
           Show the program version.

       --volume-key-file, --master-key-file (OBSOLETE alias)
           Use a volume key stored in a file. This allows adding a new
           keyslot without having to know passphrase to existing one. It
           may be also used when no keyslot is active.

           WARNING: If you create your own volume key, you need to make
           sure to do it right. Otherwise, you can end up with a
           low-entropy or otherwise partially predictable volume key
           which will compromise security.

       --volume-key-keyring <key description>
           Use a volume key stored in a keyring. This allows one to open
           luks and device types without giving a passphrase. The key
           and associated type has to be readable from userspace so that
           volume key digest may be verified in before activation.

           The <key description> uses keyctl-compatible syntax. This can
           either be a numeric key ID or a string name in the format
           %<key type>:<key name>. See also KEY IDENTIFIERS section of
           keyctl(1). When no %<key type>: prefix is specified we assume
           the key type is user (default type).

EXAMPLES         top

       NOTE: When not specified otherwise interactive passphrase prompt
       is always default method.

       Add new keyslot using interactive passphrase prompt for both
       existing and new passphrase:

       cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/device

       Add new keyslot using LUKS2 tokens to unlock existing keyslot
       with interactive passphrase prompt for new passphrase:

       cryptsetup luksAddKey --token-only /dev/device

       Add new keyslot using LUKS2 systemd-tpm2 tokens to unlock
       existing keyslot with interactive passphrase prompt for new
       passphrase (systemd-tpm2 token plugin must be available):

       cryptsetup luksAddKey --token-type systemd-tpm2 /dev/device

       Add new keyslot using interactive passphrase prompt for existing
       keyslot, reading new passphrase from key_file:

       cryptsetup luksAddKey --new-keyfile key_file /dev/device or
       cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/device key_file

       Add new keyslot using volume stored in volume_key_file and LUKS2
       token in slot 5 to get new keyslot passphrase (token in slot 5
       must exist and respective token plugin must be available):

       cryptsetup luksAddKey --volume-key-file volume_key_file
       --new-token-id 5 /dev/device

REPORTING BUGS         top

       Report bugs at cryptsetup mailing list
       <[email protected]> or in Issues project section
       <https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/-/issues/new>.

       Please attach output of the failed command with --debug option
       added.

SEE ALSO         top

       Cryptsetup FAQ
       <https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/wikis/FrequentlyAskedQuestions>

       cryptsetup(8), integritysetup(8) and veritysetup(8)

CRYPTSETUP         top

       Part of cryptsetup project
       <https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/>. This page is part of
       the Cryptsetup ((open-source disk encryption)) project.
       Information about the project can be found at 
       ⟨https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup⟩. If you have a bug
       report for this manual page, send it to [email protected]. This
       page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
       ⟨https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup.git⟩ on 2024-06-14. (At
       that time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in
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cryptsetup 2.8.0-git           2023-12-22       CRYPTSETUP-LUKSADDKEY(8)

Pages that refer to this page: cryptsetup(8)